Apparatus for winding coil-condensers.



W. EfSCHWARZIVIANN L C. IVI. WILD.

APPARATUS FOR WINDING COIL CONDENSERS.

VAPPLICAII'ION FILED MAY I6. |916- Eatented Mar; 26, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0 m MM alum mm i@ wp.. I.AAAA= www Mm I MW A m2 om fw @n nu W E SCHWARZIVIANN & C IVI WILD APPARATUS FOR WINDING colL coNnENsERs.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIG ISIS WOLFGANG E. scHwAazMANN,-or LoNe MEADow, AND CHARLES ML'W'ILD, or SPRING- FIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, AssIoNoi-ts -ro BosoH MAeNE'ro COMPANY, or NEW Yoan.

N. Y., A. CGRPOB'ATION OF NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FR WINDING GOIL-CONDENSERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

Application filed May 16, 19.16. Serial No. 97,940.

tain new and useful Improvements in Ap-A paratus for Winding Coil-Condensers; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full. clear, and exact description of the inveution, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

It yis essential that electric static condensers of the coil type should, for some purposes, be wound tightly without localized strains to form a compact and almost solid body capable of withstanding considerable mechanical stress and having a maximum i electrostatic capacity within the space occupied. `For instance, the condensers associated with the armatures of magneto electric machines for ignition purposes, are subjected to considerable centrifugal action, Aand. the space available is quite limited consid- @ring the capacity required to satisfactorily suppress the sparks at'the coperative electrodes of the mechanical interrupter.A lIt has been suggested that the coil condensers be wound loosely Aand then subjected to pressure to increase their solidity and capacity by pressing the adj acentbands into intimate contact, and preferably after thev loosely wound condensers i have been heated moderately for a number'of hours so as to soften the paraffin or other material impregnating the paper. This procedure subjects the curved ends of the bands to considerable strain in pressing the coil to the flat, o val, or other form desired, and often the foil bands are partly or entirely ruptured, with the result that some of the capacity of the condenseris lost, especially when the terminals are connected to the ends of the foil bands.

The object of this invention is to'provide apparatus for windin coil condensers so tightly that a practical y solid body having no internal mechanical strains but having the maximum of electrostatic lcapacity within the space occupied, is produced directly, 'that is, without being subsequently subjected to heat, pressure or other treatment. 4We attain this result in winding round, oval or i other shaped condensers by subjecting the bands of foil to a considerable tension in winding them onto the core to form the condenser, and preferably also in subjecting the bands of dielectric to tension.` To do this satisfactorily, the reels of foil and dielectric are subjected to such frictional resistance to rotation that the separate bands are tensioned to the desired degree in feeding themlonto the core of the condenser being wound, and the bands are maintained in lateral position throughout so that there is no tendency for the bands to tear at the edges under that tension. If desired the condenser may also be subjected to the pres- 7 o sure of a spring-pressed roller as it is wound onto the core, to thereby press the bands more intimately together and to 'ive the finished coil an added degree of soli ity.

In winding coil condensers of the side contact type, wherein the two foil bands project laterally on opposite sides to provide continuous side terminals for the condensers, it is more important than would otherwise be the case that the bands be maintained acnot only maintain the bands in lateral position throughout, but also provide means for adjusting the amount of lateral extension of either or both of the foil bands. The apparatus has other features imporltant in the production of satisfactory coil condensers of this kind. VFor instance, it is 95 essential that the condensercore should be suitably supported in winding position and should be capable of being readily installed and removed from the apparatus. Furthermore, the bands should be gripped and held in unalterable relation when a 'condenser is being removed and the next core installed,

so -that in starting to wind the next condenser thereon, the bands of foil will have the proper lateral extension, and the tension to which the bands are subjected will not cause rupture during the start of the operation. It is also desirable -to provide means The apparatus herein disclosed 85 for indicating the presence of a short-circuit between the bands of foil on the condenser due to an imperfection, in the separating dielectric, and we provide for this in such a way that an indication is given immediately that the short-circuit occurs. Thesel and other features are nicely provided for in the apparatus, as will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the preferred form of apparatus 'for winding oval condensers of the side terminal type, as an example,

Figure 1 is a plan view of the apparatus with the bands broken away for a part of their length; Fig.A 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is an enlarged section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on line 4--4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlarged' plan view, partly in section, showing'fthe method of attaching the condenser core in place on the winding apparatus and the arrangement of the bands wound thereon; Fig. 6 is an enlarged side view of the gripping device for the bands; Fig. 7 is an enlarged front view thereof; Fig. 8 is similar to Fig. 6 except that the movable jaw is turned to gripping position; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged side elevation of the condenser core.

The rigid base plate 1 supports the standards 2, 3, 4 and 5 for the rotatable reels 6,'

7, 8 and 9, which contain the bands of foil, varnished paper, foil and varnished paper, in the order named. The bands pass from the bottom of the respective reels underneath the rollers 10 and stationary cam guides 11, and then converge toward the stationary cam guides 12 over which they ypass to and around the rollers 13 so as to 4loop back to the top of the condenser core 14. The iy wheel 15 carries the turning handle 16, or may bi motor driven, and Supports at its center the condenser core, which is screwed into place so as to be readily fastened to the fly wheel and then removed therefrom when the condenser is completely Wound on it. As a result of thislconstruction, it will be observed that the cams 11 and 12, the rollers 13, and the support for the condenser being wound are, like the standards with their guiding rollers, mounted lrigidly on the base plate 1. The roller 17 presses on the top of the condenser as it is being wound, substantially at the` place the bands lfirst come into contact with each other, and is carried by an larm 18 pulled downwardly by the spring 19.l

Each of the standards for the spools is provided with a friction brake (Fig. 3) comprising a brake shoe 2O spring-pressed into contact with the flanged hub 21 of the axle 22. The tension in the bands depends upon the resistance to movement of the bands in winding them onto the core. This resistance is made up in part by the friction of the bands in sliding past the guide cams 11 and rollers.

madera l appear hereinafter, so that there is no tendency for theml to tear at their edges. By maintaining the bands of foil under tensiofn, and also by maintaining the bands of dielectric under tension too, the condenser attains directlya high degree of solidity, and by providing the pressure roller 17, the degree of Solidity is increased, whereas the varnish on the paper is smoothed'out and made uniform throughout. ing the bands under tension as aforesaid, and also by providing 'Lhepressure roller 17 the adjacent bands are brought into intimate contact throughout, producing also a condenser of the maximum capacity within the space occupied. A condenser like that illustrated and having about one hundred turns has a capacity of .15 microfarad.

It has been found that if rollers like 1() or 13 are used instead ofthe guide cams 11 and 12, in order to decrease the resistance at those places to the movement of the bands, the varnlsh on the paper may sometimes adhere to the rollers with such tenacity as to cause rupture of the band, especially upon starting the machine after it has been stopped for some time, owing to the increase that would occur in the area of contact between the varnished paper and the By using rollers and cams of the cross sectional shape illustrated, this trouble is entirely eliminated even though the var- 'nished paper is unusually sticky.

The bands are maintained in lateral posigether with the cams and rollers over which the bands pass, in alinement with each other, as may be seen from Fig. 1.` This is particularly important where the condenser to be wound is of the type in which the bands of foil .project on the opposite sides to form continuous side contacts, inasmuch as'the amount of lateral extension is rather limited, especially in case of narrow condensers suitable for use in magnetos. VThe proper `alinement is obtained and preserved by laterally adjusting the reels by means of the threaded bolts 23, and laterally adjusting the guide cams 11 Aand 12 by similar means. The rollers 10 and 13 are wider than the bands and provide forslight lateral adjustment of the bands.

If desired, a pin 24 may be provided on the fly wheel pedestal 25v kto contact with the condenser and thereby furnish an indication By maintaina turns has been wound on the condenser. The

bands are then torn off at` the condenser and the condenser is removed from windingposition by unscrewing the core 14: from the fly wheel 15. I f the free ends o f the bands were not held at thisptime in unalterable relation, the condenser next wound bythe apparatus might be defective in that the bands would Vnot have the proper alinement. In order to overcome this difficulty, a gripping device tightly gripping the bands before they lare torn apartto remove the condenser is provided. The gripping device comprises a -support 26 having a horizontal outstanding j aw 27 under which the bands pass in being wound on the condenser. The coperative 4 jaw 28 is normally held against the under side of the j aw 27 by a spring 29, and when in that position, it is prevented from'turning by the pin 30. In winding the condenser, the bands pass underneath the jaw 27 and just to one side of the jaw 28, but before the bands are torn off to remove the condenser,

the jaw 28 is pushed down until it isbeyond registry with the pin 30, and is then given a quarter of a turn to the position shown in Fig. 8. The jaw 28 is then released and is forced by the spring 29 toward the under side of the jaw 27 so as to tightly grip the bands and thereby maintain them in u nalterable position. Upon starting to wind the next condenser, the jaw 28 is turned back then released and loweredinto contact with the core on which the next condenseris to` be wound.

Inasmuch as commercial varnished paper is apt to contain pin holes or other defects which may result in a short-circuit between the bands of foil, means are provided to immediatelyindicate the presence of a short circuit during the winding'operation. For this purpose an incandescent lamp 32 is connected to a source of current supply and to the two bands of foil 6 and 8, which are normally insulated from each other throughout their length. The pedestal 2 is'insulated from the base plate 1, and the one cam 11 and the other cam 12, together with the roller 13 over which the band of foil passes,

' are likewise insulated. The pedestal 2 is connected to one stud of va switch v33 and one terminal of the incandescent lamp 32 is connected to the other stud of the switch. The terminals of the source of current supply (not shown) are connected to the other terminal of the incandescent lamp and to the` base plate I. When the switch 33 is closed,

ing extinguished at all other times.

the incandescent lamp32 lights up immediately that a short circuit occurs in the paper between the bands of foil, the current then flowing through the baste plate 1 and the band 8 of foil, and thence` through theshort circuit in the condenser to the insulated band 6 of foil, which is connected to the lamp 32 through the switch 33, the lamp be- The two bands of foil 6 and 8 are kept out of contact with each other at the beginning and end of the condenser, by tearing 0H the ends of one of the bands of foil a little way lfrom the ends of the other band of foil, and in the side contact type of condenser,`the terminals of the condenser are formed at the two sides thereof by the laterally projecting bands of foil 6 and 8.

The foregoing apparatus is effective to produce a condenser of a high degree of lsolidity,l and as a result the condenser is capable of withstanding considerable stress land has a large capacity in proportion toy the space occupied. Although a coil condenser of oval shape is shown, it is apparent that the condensers may be wound directly in a round or llat form, -if desired, without introducing mechanical strains at any place, as is the case at the curved ends of condensers which are pressed into shape after being wound.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

l. In apparatus for winding coil condensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on which reels of foil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, and

guides maintaining the bands separated' from each other throughout their entire unwound length.

2. In apparatus for winding coil condensers, a rotatable condenser support, a'

plurality of supports/on which reels of foil and vdielectric are mounted for rotation, guides maintaining the bands separated from Aeach other throughout their entire unwound length, and a pressure roller engaging the bands at substantially the place they iirst come into contact with each other at the condenser support.

3. In apparatus :for winding coil condensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on which reels of foil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, guides maintaining the bands separated from each other throughout their entire unwound length, and braking means resisting the rotation of the reels in unwinding the bands therefrom. y

4. In apparatus for winding coil condensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on which the reels of foil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, and a plurality of guides consisting of rollers an@ cams for guiding the bands of dielectric from the reels to the core., the cams and rollers being constructed and arranged to prevent. the bands of dielectric from adhering with sutlicient tenacity to rupture them.

In apparatus for winding coil eondensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on whichthe reels of :toil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, and a plurality of guides consisting of rollers and cams for guiding the bands of dielectric to guide each band separately from its reel to the core. the cams and rollers being constructed and arranged to prevent the bands of dielectric from adhering with suficient tenacit)r to rupture them.

6. In apparatus for winding coil condensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on which the reels of foil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, and a plurality of guides for the bands, some of said guides being located beyond the condenser support so that the bands are looped back in being wound onto the support.

7. In apparatus for winding coil con' ldensers, a rotatable condenser support, a plurality of supports on which the reels of foil and dielectric are mounted for rotation, guide rollers located beyond the condenser support so that the bands are looped back in winding them onto the support, guide rollers carried by the supports for the reels, and guide cams between the guide rollers on the reel supports and the guide rollers beyond the condenser support.

8. In apparatus for winding coil condensers. a condenser support, a plurality of supports on which the reels of foil and dielectric arevmounted, guides located beyond the condenser support so that the bands are looped back in winding them onto the condenser support, guides carried bythe supports for the reels, and guides between the guides on the reel supports and the guides beyond the condenser support.

9. In apparatus for winding coil condensers, a base plate, a plurality of reel standards spaced along the base plate, a

condenser support mounted on the basev plate, and guides mounted on the base plate on both sides of the condenser support for guiding the bands in a looped course as they are wound onto the condenser support.'

11. In apparatus for winding coil con? densers, a rotatable support for the core on which the condenser is wound, means for rotating said support, a plurality of supports on which the reels of Jfoil and dielectric are mounted, and a gripping device comprising a fixed jaw and a coperative movable jaw having one position in which ,the bands are permitted to have uninterrupted passage in being wound onto the core, and having another position in whichthe bands are held between the jaws in unalterable position relatively to each other upon removing the finished condenser from the support.

12. The combination with apparatus for winding coil condensers. in which the bands of foil are separated byy bands of dielectric,

of short-circuit indicating mechanism comprisingan indicator and an electric circuit connected to the bands of foil, those parts of the apparatus which support the bands of foil in winding them onto the condenser core being insulated' from each other.

In testimony whereof we ax our signatures.

woLFeANG n. souwARzMANN. CHARLES MgwILn. y 

